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Finally, when considering our work together with that of previous studies (Araya et al., 2006b; Dobrunz and Stevens, 1997; Freire, 1978; Harris and Stevens, 1989; Nusser et al., 1997; Nusser et al., 1998; Schikorski and Stevens, 1999; Spacek and Hartmann, 1983), the presence of distinct and statistically significant correlations between morphological and functional parameters, in both spine head volume, PSD size, neck length and now even neck diameter (at least in some population of spines), could enable the reconstruction of the functional map of inputs onto a given neuron. This approach, which in principle could be applied to every single dendritic spine in a given cell, could permit the systematic determination of the complete input connectivity of a neuron, an important step in understanding its computational function. Therefore, a century after Cajal, it could become particularly useful, now more than ever, to characterize morphologically the spines of single neurons, with as much detail and completeness as possible.

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